{"id":899,"date":"2024-09-21T13:21:02","date_gmt":"2024-09-21T07:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hindi.al-emam.org\/?p=899"},"modified":"2024-09-21T13:21:54","modified_gmt":"2024-09-21T07:51:54","slug":"%e0%a4%ac%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%b2%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%96%e0%a5%8b%e0%a4%9c-%e0%a4%86%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%8f-%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%82-%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%bf-%e0%a4%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hindi.al-emam.org\/?p=899","title":{"rendered":"\u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c: \u0906\u0907\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932-\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e 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\u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 19\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0947-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0947\u092f\u0930 (Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e8re) \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0935\u0947\u0932 (James Clerk Maxwell) \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u093c\u0940\u0915\u093c \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0902\u091f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0938\u0942\u0932 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928\u00a0 (electromagnetic induction) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915<\/strong> <strong>\u0914\u0930<\/strong> 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(<\/strong><strong>\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong><strong>):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0939\u0930\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930 (\u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924: 622 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940, \u0905\u0902\u0924: 1258 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940), \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u0935\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0925\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0926\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940 \u0932\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0905\u0932-\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0936\u0939\u0942\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940 \u0932\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u093c\u0940\u0915\u093c\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0916\u094b\u091c\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940<\/strong><strong>, (<\/strong><strong>\u0905\u092c\u0942<\/strong> <strong>\u092f\u0942\u0938\u0941\u092b\u093c<\/strong> <strong>\u092f\u093e\u0915\u093c\u0942\u092c<\/strong> <strong>\u0907\u092c\u094d\u0928<\/strong> <strong>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0915<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940<\/strong><strong> (185 <\/strong><strong>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u0930\u0940<\/strong><strong>\/801 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u0947<\/strong><strong> 259 <\/strong><strong>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u0930\u0940<\/strong><strong>\/873 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>) <\/strong><strong>\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/strong> <strong>Alkindus)<\/strong>, \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 &#8220;\u0905\u0930\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0930&#8221; \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u0916\u094d\u0938\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0941\u0926\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932-\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0939\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0916\u0940\u0902\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u091c\u093c\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0935\u091c\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u093c\u094c\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0930\u0940\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0940<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong><strong>\u0939\u0915\u0940\u092e<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u092c\u0942<\/strong> <strong>\u092c\u0915\u094d\u0930<\/strong> <strong>\u092e\u0941\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926<\/strong> <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0928<\/strong> <strong>\u091c\u093c\u0915\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0940<\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><strong>\u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0907\u0936<\/strong><strong>: 854 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u2013 <\/strong><strong>\u0935\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0924<\/strong><strong>: 925 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>) (<\/strong><strong>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong><strong>Rasis \/ Rhazes)<\/strong> \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0939\u0942\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u093c\u0940\u0915\u093c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092e\u0917\u0930 \u0905\u0932-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u093c\u0940\u0915\u093c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u0926\u0930\u0924\u0940 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\u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u094b \u092c\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u093f\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u093c\u0940\u0915\u093c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u091c\u091c\u093c\u0930\u0940<\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><strong>\u092c\u0926\u0940\u0909\u091c\u093c<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u091c\u093c\u092e\u093e\u0902<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u092c\u0942<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0907\u091c\u093c<\/strong> <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0928<\/strong> <strong>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0908\u0932<\/strong> <strong>\u092c\u093f\u0928<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u0930\u091c\u093c\u094d\u091c\u093c\u093e\u091c<\/strong> <strong>\u0905\u0932<\/strong><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>\u091c\u091c\u093c\u0930\u0940<\/strong><strong> &#8211; <\/strong><strong>\u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0907\u0936<\/strong><strong>: 1136 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>\u2013 <\/strong><strong>\u0935\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0924<\/strong><strong>: 1206 <\/strong><strong>\u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c &#8220;The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0935\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0924\u0906\u0930\u093f\u092b \u0915\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0908\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u092c\u093e\u0926\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093c\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0907\u092c\u094d\u0928-\u0939\u0947\u0925\u092e (\u0905\u092c\u0942 \u0905\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0932-\u0939\u0938\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0932-\u0939\u0947\u0925\u092e &#8211; \u092a\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0907\u0936: 965 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940, \u0935\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0924: 1039 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940) \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093f\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0908\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u0905\u092c\u0942-\u0909\u0932-\u092c\u0938\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924&#8221; (\u092b\u093e\u0926\u0930 \u0911\u095e \u0911\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0930\u094c\u0936\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0907\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u0911\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u0932\u094b\u0915\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093c\u093e<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u095e \u0928\u095b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0924\u0939\u0915\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0926\u0942\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0932\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u092f\u095b\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092e\u0938\u0932\u0928, \u0909\u0938 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0939\u093e\u095b\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0958\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0926 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u091a\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0928 \u0905\u092e\u0932\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0926 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0932\u0942\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u0916\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u095b\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0958\u0940\u0958\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u095c\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0938\u0941\u0928\u0939\u0930\u0940<\/strong> <strong>\u0926\u094c\u0930<\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><strong>\u0906\u095a\u093e\u095b<\/strong><strong>: 622 <\/strong><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong><strong>\u0907\u0959\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092e<\/strong><strong>: 1258 <\/strong><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0935\u0940<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0911\u092a\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938, \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094d\u092e, \u0914\u0930 \u0958\u0941\u0926\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092b\u093c\u0932\u0938\u092b\u093c\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u095b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0930\u0916\u0940\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0930\u093e\u095b\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u0936\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f, \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0926\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u095b\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u092e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0930 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u091c\u093c\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u095b\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0958\u094d\u0915\u093c\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0916\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0915\u093c\u094d\u0915\u093c\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0930\u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u095b \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0926\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0939\u092e\u0940\u092f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0925\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0959\u093f\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u092f\u093e\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0938\u0941\u0939\u0948\u092c \u0928\u0926\u0935\u0940<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u091c\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902:<\/strong><br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LaahootHindi<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/x.com\/LaaHoot<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LaahootTV<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>\u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0902<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-319-31903-2_1%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-319-31903-2_1%C2%A0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Kindi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Kindi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/al-kindi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/al-kindi\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abu_Bakr_al-Razi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abu_Bakr_al-Razi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/al-Razi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/al-Razi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 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